Course Structure for M.A. (ECONOMICS) under Semester System to come into force from Academic Session 2018-19

M.A. ECONOMICS (SEMESTER-WISE)

Sri Dev Suman Uttarakhand Vishvavidyalaya,Badshahithaul (Tehri Garhwal)

INTRODUCTION (SEMESTER STRUCTURE)

STRUCTURE OF SYLLABUS

The Master of Arts (M.A) in Economics is a two year full-time programme. The course is organized over two years, each year consisting of two semesters. The candidates enrolled in M.A (Economics) Programme will have to pass four semester examinations comprising of Core and Elective papers. The entire P.G. Syllabus of Economics is spread over in four semesters consisting of 16 papers in total out of which 14 papers are assigned to the Core Courses (compulsory courses) and the remaining 02 papers are elective (optional) courses . First and second semester have each four core courses which are compulsory. Third and Fourth semester have each three core courses which are compulsory and one elective course from available options. The second semester will have an additional evaluation in the form of Viva-voce. The fourth semester will also have an additional evaluation in the form of either dissertation or Viva-voce. Viva-Voce will be based on student’s knowledge acquired during the entire course. The candidates have to cover a total of 16 papers in core and elective courses and 01 viva-voce in second semester and 01 dissertations or Viva-Voce in fourth semester to qualify for a two years master’s degree. The course break-up for all the four semesters is as follows:

Semester-I: 4 (Four) Core (Compulsory courses) Semester-II: 4 (Four) Core (Compulsory courses)
&
Viva-Voce Semester-III: 3 (Three) Core (Compulsory courses)
&
1 (one) Elective* (Optional course)
*The candidates will have to choose one elective course from available options during third semester.
Semester-IV: 3 (Three) Core (Compulsory courses)
&
1 (one) Elective* (Optional course) *The candidates will have to choose one elective course from available options during fourth semester.
&
Dissertation/Viva-Voce (Any One)

Structure of the Examination

Apart from dissertation* all the other courses in each semester will have two basis for evaluation of students.

1. End-term examination: These exams will be conducted at the end of every semester and will carry 80 marks.

2. Internal sessional assessment test: One internal sessional assessments test will be conducted by the department and will comprise of 20 marks. This internal sessional assessment test will be conducted before the end-term examination. The internal evaluation will be based on classroom attendance, participation in class-room seminars and written tests etc.

Note:. Students will have to attain pass marks (45 per cent) in both end-term examination and internal sessional assessment separately.

Evaluation method in Dissertation: Performance of student in Dissertation will be evaluated on the following three tier basis:

a)	Dessertation	70 Marks
b)	Periodical Presentation	10 Marks
c)	Viva Voce	20 Marks
Total : 100 Marks

M.A (Economics) First year

Semester-I

S No.	Course No.	Name of Course	Total Marks	Exam Duration	End Sem. Marks	Internal Asses. Marks	Total Marks
1	G/ECO(C)/101	Micro Economics-1	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
2	G/ECO(C)/102	International Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
3	G/ECO(C)/103	Quantitative Method and Statistical Technique	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
4	G/ECO(C)/104	Uttrakhand Economy	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
Total			400				400

First Year Sem II

S No.	Course No.	Name of Course	Total Marks	Exam Duration	End Sem. Marks	Internal Asses. Marks	Total Marks
1	G/ECO(C)/201	Micro Economics-II	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
2	G/ECO(C)/202	Macro Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
3	G/ECO(C)/203	Economics of Growth & Development	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
4	G/ECO(C)/204	Indian Economic Policy	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
5	G/ECO(C)/205	Viva Voce					100
Total			500				500

Second Year Semester III

S No.	Course No.	Name of Course	Total Marks	Exam Duration	End Sem. Marks	Internal Asses. Marks	Total Marks
1	G/ECO(C)/301	Public Finance	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
2	G/ECO(C)/302	Monetary Economic	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
3	G/ECO(C)/203	Research Methodology	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
4	G/ECO(C)/304 (I)	Agricultural Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
	G/ECO(C)/304 (II)	Labour Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
	G/ECO(C)/304 (III)	Gender Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
	G/ECO(C)/304 (IV)	Computer Application in Economics Analysis	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
Total			400				400

First Year Sem II

S No.	Course No.	Name of Course	Total Marks	Exam Duration	End Sem. Marks	Internal Asses. Marks	Total Marks
1	G/ECO(C)/201	Micro Economics-II	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
2	G/ECO(C)/202	Macro Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
3	G/ECO(C)/203	Economics of Growth & Development	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
4	G/ECO(C)/204	Indian Economic Policy	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
5	G/ECO(C)/205	Viva Voce					100
Total			500				500

Second Year Semester IV

S No.	Course No.	Name of Course	Total Marks	Exam Duration	End Sem. Marks	Internal Asses. Marks	Total Marks
1	G/ECO(C)/401	Public Finance	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
2	G/ECO(C)/402	Monetary Economic	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
3	G/ECO(C)/403	Research Methodology	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
4	G/ECO(C)/404 (I)	Agricultural Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
	G/ECO(C)/404 (II)	Labour Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
	G/ECO(C)/404 (III)	Gender Economics	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
	G/ECO(C)/404 (IV)	Computer Application in Economics Analysis	100	2 Hours	80	20	100
5	G/ECO(C)/405	Dissertation / Viva Voce (any one)					100
Total			400				400

M.A. (ECONOMICS)
FIRST Year Semester-I

Course No: PG/ECO (E) 101
Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Micro Economics: - Definition, Nature, Scope, Importance & Limitations, Micro and Macro Economics, Deductive and Inductive Methods, Static and Dynamic Economics, Positive and Normative Economics, Basic Economic Problems: Scarcity & Choice, Equilibrium Analysis, Economic Models.

Unit-2

Law of Demand, Elasticity of Demand, Meaning, Types and Measurement, Consumer Surplus: Marshall’s Measurement, Measurement through Indifference Curves., Indifference Curve Technique, Properties, Consumer’s Equilibrium, Price, Income & Substitution Effects, Derivation of Demand Curve. Revealed Preference Theory of Demand, Hicks Revision of Demand Theory.

Unit-3

Production Possibility Curve, Production Function: Short Run and Long Period, Law of Variable Proportions and Returns to Scale, Iso-Quants: Least Cost Combination of Inputs, Cobb-Douglas and CES-Production Function, Euler’s Theorem;

Unit-4

Opportunity Cost, Fixed and Variable Cost, Average, Marginal and Total Cost, Short Run and Long Run Cost Curves, Revenue Concepts: Average, Marginal and Total Revenue, Revenue Curves Under Different Market Conditions.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Ahuja, H. L: Advanced Economic Theory, S. Chand& Co., New Delhi

Baumol W.J. Economic Theory and Operations Analysis, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

Chauhan. S.P.S.Microeconomics: Theory and Applications, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi – 110001.

Dwivedi , Microeconomics: Theory and Applications (Second Edition), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.

Hirshleifer J.A Glazer, Price Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

Koutsoyiannis A.: Modern Micro Economics, McMillan.

Kreps David. M., A Course in Microeconomic Theory, Princeton University Press, Princeton

Lancaster K.: Consumer Demand- A New Approach, Rand McNally London.

Layard P.R.G and A.W. Walters , Micro Economic Theory, McGrew Hill, New York.

Maddalaand Miller Ellen: Micro Economic Theory and Applications, McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

Sen, Anindya : Microeconomic Theory and Applications, Oxford University, Press, New Delhi.

Stigler G. (1996), Theory of Price, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

Varian. H. , Micro Economic Analysis, W.W. Norton, New York.

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS

Course Name: International Economics Course No: PG/ECO (C) 102 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Concept of Inter-Regional and International Trade, Importance of International Trade, Theories of International Trade: Adam Smith- Absolute Cost Advantage and Ricardo- Comparative Cost Advantage, Law of Reciprocal Demand, Offer Curve Analysis, Modern Theory of International Theory, Theorem of Factor Price Equalization, the Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem.

Unit-2

Economic Growth and Effects on International Trade, Measurement of Gains from Trade and their Distribution, Concepts of Terms of Trade, their Uses and Limitations, Hypothesis of Secular Deterioration of Terms of Trade, Terms of Trade and LDC’s, Trade as an Engine of Economic Growth, Its Welfare Implications.

Unit-3

Foreign Exchange Rate: Meaning, importance, Determination of Exchange Rate, Theories of Exchange rate, Mint Parity Theory, Purchasing power Parity Theory, Exchange Control: Objectives, Procedure, Methods Exchange Control, Free Trade v/s protection, Trade Barriers, Tariffs, Quotas and Non-Tariffs Barriers, Economic Effects of Tariffs and Quotas on National Income, Output and Employment.

Unit-4

Balance of Trade and Balance of Payments: Meaning, Components, Structure, Capital and Current Account, Equilibrium and disequilibrium in the BOPs, Causes of Disequilibrium in BOP and Methods of Correcting Disequilibrium, IMF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank, Their Achievements and Failures, W.T.O. and its Impact on the Different Sectors of the Indian Economy, Recent Changes in the Direction and Composition of Foreign Trade in India, Recent EXIM Policy.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Aggarwal, M.R. Regional Economic Cooperation in South Asia, S. Chand and Co., New Delhi

Bhagwati, J. (Ed.)International Trade, Selected Readings, Cambridge, University Brahmananda, P.R.The IMF Loan and India’s Economic Future, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.

Carbough, R.J..International Economics, International Thompson Publishing, New York.

Chacholiades, M., International Trade: Theory and Policy, McGraw Hill, Kogakusha, Japan.

Dana, M.S., International Economics: Study, Guide and Work Book, (5th Edition), Routledge Publishers, London.

Dunn, R.M. and J.H. Mutti, International Economics, Routledge, London.

Grable, J.O., International Financial Markets, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New York.

Kenen, P.B., The International Economy, Cambridge University Press, London Kindleberger, C.P.International Economics, R.D. Irwin, Homewood

King, P.G. (1995), International Economics and International Economic Policy : A Reader, McGraw Hill International, Singapore.

Krugman, P.R. and M. Obstfeld, International Economics: Theory and Policy, Glenview, Foresman.

Salvatore, D., International Economics, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, N.J., New York.

Soderston, Bo, International Economics, The Macmillan Press Ltd., London.

Verma, M.L., International Trade, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Delhi.

QUANTITATIVE METHODS AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES

Course Name: Quantitative Methods and Statistical techniques Course No: PG/ECO (C) 103 (a) Semester Examination: 80 Marks

Unit-1

Meaning, Scope, Importance and Limitations of Statistics, Collection of Data: Primary and Secondary, Census and Sampling Methods of Data Collection, Classification and Tabulation of Data, Measures of Dispersion: Standard Deviation, Co-efficient of Variation, Co efficient of Skewness: Karl Pearson’s and Bowley’s Methods.

Unit-2

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation, Rank Correlation Coefficient, Significance of Regression, Regression Lines and Equations, Fitting of Lines of Regression by the Least Squares Method, Association of Attributes: Yule’s Coefficient of Association, Time Series: Components, Secular Trend and Short Time Oscillations. Fitting trend curves.

Unit-3

Meaning and Importance of Index Numbers Fisher Ideal Index Number, Time Reversal and Factor Reversal Test; Interpolation and Extrapolation: Binomial, Newton’s and Lagrange Methods, Meaning and Definition of Probability, Probability Rules, Addition and Multiplication Rule, Conditional Probability.

Unit-4

Equation of a Straight Line; Elementary Knowledge of Differential Calculus, Problem of Maxima & Minima in Single and Multivariate functions, Matrix: Basic Concepts of Matrices, Simple Operations on Matrices. Determinants: Basic Properties of Determinants, Solution of Simultaneous Equations with Determinant Method.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Allen, R.G.D., Mathematical Analysis for Economists, Macmillan Press and ELBS, London.

Chiang, A.C., Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics, McGraw Hill, New York.

Gupta, S.C., Fundamentals of Applied Statistics, S. Chand & Sons, New Delhi.

Handry, A.T., Operations Research, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi , India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Monga, G.S., Mathematics and Statistics for Economists, Vikas Publishing House,New Delhi.

Speigal, M.R., Theory and Problems of Statistics, McGraw Hill Book Co., London.

Taha, H.A., Operations Research : An Introduction (6th Edition), Prentice Hall of Yamane, Taro, Mathematics for Economists, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

UTTARAKHAND ECONOMY

Course Name: Uttarakhand Economy Course No: PG/ECO(C) 104 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Uttarakhand Economy: A macro Glance, Natural Resources: Land, Water, Minerals, Forests, Power Resources, Population Dynamics: Growth, Composition, Density, Rural- Urban Population; Migration, Unemployment, Remedies, Anti- Poverty and Employment Generation Programmes, Trends in State Income, Sources of State Finances, Targets and Achievements of Plans and Current Year Budget, Growth of SDP, PCI, HDI.,

Unit- 2

Agriculture: Land Use Pattern in Uttarakhand, Production, Cropping pattern, Productivity,Yield of Major Crops, Horticultural/Plantation Crop, Trends in Fruit and Vegetable Production and Productivity, Floriculture, Sericulture, Role of Agriculture and Horticulture in State Domestic Product, Agricultural Marketing: Problems, Sources of Agricultural Finance, Live Stock Economy, Critical Evaluation of Government Policies on Agriculture and Horticulture Sector.

Unit - 3:

Trends and Patterns in Industrial Growth, Large Scale and Small-Scale Industries of Uttarakhand, Irrigation and Power Sector, Rural Industrialization, Trends in Hydro Power Generation in Uttarakhand, Environmental Issues Related to Industrialization and Power Projects In Uttarakhand, Regional Imbalance: Causes and Consequences, Measures to Reduce Imbalances, Labour Welfare Measures and Skill Development Programmes.

Unit-4

Transport and Communications: Road, Rail and Air, Banking, Housing, Health Care Infrastructure, Mortality, Reproductive Health, Maternal Nutrition and Child Health Policies, Education: Literary Trends in the State, Major Achievements and Failures, Tourism inflow, Revenue and Development Initiatives, Role of Tourism in the Economic Development of Uttarakhand, Major Impediments, Steps Taken to improve Tourism in the State and Progress Achieved.

SUGGESTED READINGS(LATEST EDITION)

Ashok Kumar Tiwari, Infrastructure and Economic Development in Uttarakhand, Indus Publishing. House, New Delhi.

Economic Survey, Various Issues, Department Of Economics and Statistics, Government of Uttarakhand

L.R. Sharma, Quality of Life in Himalayan Region, Indus Publishing House, New Delhi.

Sharma, L.R. The Economy Of Uttarakhand: Growth And Structure: A Study In Development Performance, Mittal Publishing House, New Delhi.

Uttarakhand Development Report, Planning Commission.

Y.S. Parmar, Years of Challenge and Growth, Rubicon Publishing House New Delhi.

M.A. (ECONOMICS)
FIRST Year Semester-II

MICRO ECONOMICS-II

Course Name: Micro Economics-II Course No: PG/ECO(C) 201 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Perfect Competition: Features, Price Determination, Equilibrium of the Firm and Industry, Monopoly: Price and Output Determination, Discriminating Monopoly: Price Discrimination, Equilibrium under Discriminating Monopoly, Regulation of Monopoly through Taxation and Price Regulation.

Unit-2

Monopolistic Competition: Price and Output Determination, Excess Capacity, Selling Cost. Oligopoly: Price and Output Determination, Cournot’s Model and Chamberlin’s Model of Oligopoly, Kinked Demand Curve theory, Game Theory of Oligopoly, Duopoly: Price and Output Determination.

Unit-3

Theory of Distribution: Micro Theories of Distribution, Rent (Ricardian and Modern theories), Wages (Marginal Productivity and Modern Theories), Interest (Neo-classical, Liquidity Preference Theories, IS-LM model) and Profit (Knight and Shackles Theories), Euler’s theorem.

Unit-4

Welfare Economics: Concept of social welfare, Pareto optimally criterion and efficiency conditions, Market failures, Kaldor-Hicks Criterion, Compensation principle, Bergson-Samuelson Social welfare function, Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Archibald, G.C. (Ed.) , Theory of the Firm, Penguin, Harmondsworth Bain, J., Barriers to New Competition, Harvard University Press, Harvard.

Broadway, R.W. and N. Bruce, Welfare Economics, Basil Blackwell, London Cambridge.

Graff, J. De V., Theoretical Welfare Economics, Cambridge University Press.

H.L. Ahuja (2008), Advanced Economic Theory, S.Chand publication, New Delhi

Koutsoyiannis, A., Modern Microeconomics, (2nd Edition), Macmillan Press, London.

Kreps, David M., A Course in Microeconomic Theory, Princeton University Press, Princeton.

Layard, P.R.G. and A.W. Walters, Microeconomic Theory, McGraw Hill, New York

Sen, A., Microeconomics: Theory and Applications, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Stigler, G., Theory of Price, (4th Edition), Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi Varian, H., Microeconomic Analysis, W.W. Norton, New York

MACRO ECONOMICS

Course Name: Macro Economics Course No: PG/ECO(C) 202 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Macro Economics: Meaning, Nature, Scope, Importance and Limitations. Distinction between Macro Economics and Micro Economics, Types of Macro Economics, Basic Concepts of Macro Economics, Post Keynesian development in Macro Economics: Monetarism; Supply-side Economics; New Classical Economics: Rational Expectation Theory, Macro Economic Variables, Stocks and Flows, Problem of Aggregation:

Unit-2

Meaning and Different Concepts of National Income, Importance and Difficulties in Measurement of National Income, Circular Flow of Income In Two, Three and Four Sector Economy, Measurement of National Income, National Income Accounting: Social Accounting, Green Accounting, Input-Output Accounting and Balance of Payments Accounting: Meaning of Consumption, Income – Consumption Relation, APC and MPC, Determinants of Consumption Function.

Unit-3

Meaning and Determinants of Investment, Long and Short Run Shifts in Investment Function, Marginal Efficiency of Capital (MEC), Determinants of MEC, Principle of Accelerator, Multiplier and Super Multiplier, Classical Theory of Income and Employment; Criticism against Classical Theory, Keynes’s Theory of Income and Employment: Criticism of Keynes’s Theory, Keynes’s Theory and Under-Developed Countries.

Unit-IV

Business Cycles: Meaning, Characteristics and Phases of Business Cycles, Theories of Business Cycles: Hawtrey, Hayek, Keynes and Schumpeter, Business Cycles: Models of Samuelson, Hicks and Kaldor, Control of Business Cycles, Relative Effectiveness of Monetary and Fiscal Policies.

SUGGESTED READINGS:( LATEST EDITIONS)

Ackley,G.Macroeconomics : Theory and Policy, Macmillan, New York

Blackhouse, R. and A. Salansi (Eds.) Macroeconomics and the Real World (2 Vols.), Oxford University Press, London

Branson, W.A.Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, (3rd Edition), Harper and Row, New York

Dornbusch, R. and F. Stanley Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill, Inc., New York

Hall, R.E. and J.B. Taylor,Macroeconomics, W.W. Norton, New York

Heijdra, B.J. and V.P. Fredericck,Foundations of Modern Macroeconomics, Oxford University Press, New Delhi

Jha, R.Contemporary Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi

Romer, D.L.Advanced Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill Company Ltd., New York

Scarfe, B.L. Cycles, Growth and Inflation, McGraw Hill, New York

Shapiro, E. Macroeconomic Analysis, Galgotia Publications, New Delhi

Surrey, M.J.C. (Ed.)Macroeconomic Themes, Oxford University Press, Oxford

ECONOMICS OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Course Name: Economics of Growth and Development Course No: PG/ECO(C) 203 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Concepts of Growth and Development, Difference between Growth and Development, Characteristics and Measurement of Development, Factors affecting Economic Growth ,Characteristics of Under Developed Countries, Poverty – Absolute and Relative, Measuring Development: Basic Needs ,Per Capita Income, Human Development Index and Physical Quality of Life Index, Impediments to Economic Growth.

Unit-2

Theories of Development: Adam Smith, Ricardo, Malthus, Karl Marx Theory, Schumpeter’s Theory, Keynes Theory of Economic Development, Restow’s – Theory of Stages of Economic Growth, Rosentein Rodan’s Big Push Theory , Harvey Leibenstein’s Critical Minimum Effort Theory, Lewis Theory, Nurkse Theory of Economic Development.

Unit-3

Role of Capital Formation in Economic Development, Choice between Rapid Capital Formation and Rapid increase in Income, Role of Technology in Economic Development, Choice of Appropriate Technology, Strategies for Development: Balanced versus Unbalanced Growth and Capital intensive Versus Labour-Intensive Strategies, The Environment and Development, Investment Criteria, Cost-Benefits Analysis.

Unit-4

Sectoral Aspects of Development, Role of Agriculture in Economic Development, Efficiency and Productivity In Agriculture, Agricultural Policy In Developing Countries, Rationale and Pattern of Industrialization in Developing Countries, Terms of Trade between Agriculture and Industry; Infrastructure and Economic Development, Trade and Economic Development- International Trade as Engine of Growth.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Adelman,Theories of Economic Growth and Development, Stanford University Press, Stanford.

Behrman, S. and T.N. Srinivasan, Handbook of Development Economics, Vol. 3,

Brown, M. On the Theory and Measurement of Technical Change, Cambridge

Chenery, H. and T.N. Srinivasan (Eds.),Handbook of Development Economics, Vols. 1 & 2, Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Chenery, H.B. et. al. (Eds.), Redistribution with Growth, Oxford University Press,

Dasgupta, P.An Enquiry into Well-being and Destitution, Clarendon Press, Oxford.Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Ghatak, S.An Introduction to Development Economics, Allen and Unwin, London.

Gillis, M., D.H. Perkins, M. Romer and D.R. Snodgrass (1992), Economics of Development, W.W. Norton, New York.

Gimmell, N, Surveys in Development Economics, Blackwell, Oxford.

Higgins, B,Economic Development, W.W. Norton, New York.

Hogendorn, J., Economic Development, Addison, Wesley, New York.

Kahkonon, S. and M. Olson, A New Institutional Approach to Economic Development, Vistaar.

Kindleberger, C.P, Economic Development, (3rd Edition), McGraw Hill, New York.Oxford.

Todaro, M.P, Development Planning : Models and Methods, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

INDIAN ECONOMIC POLICY

Course Name: Indian Economic Policy Course No: PG/ECO(C) 204 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Features and Characteristics of the Indian Economy, Endowment of Natural Resources, Demographic Features, National Income, Trends and Structure of National Income, Poverty and Inequality, Nature, Policy & Implications, Growth and Structural Change in the Indian Economy, Employment Trends in Organized and Unorganized Sector.

Unit-2

Conventional and Non-Conventional Energy Development in India, Energy Policy, Transport, Social Infrastructure in India, Indian Financial System, Issues of Financial Inclusion, Financial Sector Reforms, Review of Monetary Policy of R.B.I., Economic Reforms- Rationale of Economic Reforms, Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization of the Economy.

Unit - 3:

Role of Agriculture, Productivity, Cropping Pattern, Technical Changes in Agriculture, Land Reforms, Pricing Policy, Role of Industry, Structure and Pattern, Public versus Private Sectors, Industrial Policy of India, Role of Service Sector in Indian Economy, Banking Sector in India, Money and capital markets; Issues in export-import policy , Foreign Capital and MNCs in India

Unit - 4:

Basic socio-economic issues: Poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, inequality in the distribution of income, child labour, bonded labour, Gender Discrimination, Brain drain, Rural-Urban Migration, Impact of New Economic Policy on Poverty, Unemployment and Inequality in the Distribution of Income – Employment and Education Policies in India.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Ahluwalia, I.J. and I.M.D. Little (Eds.)India’s Economic Reforms and Development (Essays in honour of Manmohan Singh), Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Bardhan, P.K.The Political Economy of Development in India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Bawa, R.S. and P.S. Raikhy (Ed.)Structural Changes in Indian Economy, Guru Nanak Dev University Press, Amritsar

Brahmananda, P.R. and V.R. Panchmukhi (Eds.),Development Experience in the Indian Economy : Inter-State Perspectives, Bookwell, Delhi.

Chakravarty, S.Development Planning: The Indian Experience, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Dantwala, M.L.Dilemmas of Growth: The Indian Experience, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Datt, R. (Ed.)Second Generation Economic Reforms in India, Deep & Deep Publications, New Delhi.

Government of India, Economic Survey, (Annual), Ministry of Finance, New Delhi.

Jain, A.K.Economic Planning in India, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.

Jalan, B.India’s Economic Policy — Preparing for the Twenty First Century, Viking, New Delhi.

Jalan, B.The Indian Economy — Problems and Prospects, Viking, New Delhi.

Joshi, V. and I.M.D. Little,India : Macro Economics and Political Economy, 1964- 1991, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Parikh, K.S. India Development Report — 1999-2000, Oxford University Press, Reserve Bank of India, Report on Currency and Finance, (Annual).

Sandesara, J.C.Industrial Policy and Planning, 1947-1991 : Tendencies, Interpretations and Issues, Sage Publications, New Delhi

Sen, R.K. and B. Chatterjee,Indian Economy : Agenda for 21st Century (Essays in honour of Prof. P.R. Brahmananda), Deep & Deep Publications, New Delhi.

M.A. (ECONOMICS)

Second Year Semester-III

PUBLIC FINANCE

Course Name: Public Finance Course No: PG/ECO(C) 301 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Public Economics: Issues and Concepts, Role of Government, Fiscal Functions of the Government, Allocation, Distribution and Stabilization-Co-ordination among these Functions, Market Failure, Imperfections, Decreasing Costs, Externalities, Private Goods, Public Goods and Merit Goods.

Unit-2

Theory of Public Expenditure, Structure and Growth of Public Expenditure, Canons of Expenditure, Kinds and Reasons for Growth in Public Expenditure, Effects of Public Expenditure on Production and Distribution, Wagner’s Law of Increasing State Activities, Wiseman- Peacock Hypothesis, Public Budget, Performance and Programming, Zero-Base Budgeting, Balanced Budget, Analysis of Recent year Budgets of India and Uttarakhand.

Unit-3

Taxation: Principle of Taxation, Benefit Received Theory, Ability to Pay Approach, Principle of Maximum Social Advantage, Taxable Capacity: Meaning, Types and Measurement, Impact, Incidence and Effects of Taxation, Characteristics of a Good Tax System, The Indian Tax System: Major Taxes in India, Direct and Indirect Taxes, GST, Recent Reforms in Direct and Indirect taxes in India.

Unit-4

Public Debt: Meaning, Burden & Sources of Public Debt, Public Debt Management; Repayment of Public Debt, Fiscal Policy for Stabilization, Indian Fiscal Policy since 1991, Non-tax revenue of Centre, State and local bodies, Center-State Financial Relationship in India, Problems of State Resources and Indebtedness, Transfer of Resources From Union and State to Local Bodies, Recommendations of Latest Finance Commission.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Ashutosh Raravikar, Fiscal Deficit and Inflation in India, Macmillan India Ltd. New Delhi.

Atkinson, A.B. and J.E. Siglitz,Lectures on Public Economics, Tata McGraw Hill, New York.

Auerbach, A.J. and M. Feldstern (Eds.),Handbook of Public Economics, Vol. I, North Holland, Amsterdam.

Bhargava, P.K., Taxation of Agriculture in India, Vora and Co. Bombay.

Bhargava, P.K.Some Aspects of Indian Public Finances, Uppal Publishing House, New Delhi.

Bhargava, R.N.Indian Public Finances, B.D. Bhargava and Sons, Chandausi.

Borkar, V.V., Income Tax Reform in India, Popular Prakashan, Bombay.

Buchanan, J.M.The Public Finances, Richard D. Irwin, Homewood.

Chelliah, R.J. (Ed.)Towards Sustainable Growth, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Datt, R. (Ed.) Second Generation Economic Reforms in India, Deep & Deep Dr. Joshi P.L. Zero Base Budgeting Technology in Government, Dhruv and Deep Books, Bombay.

Gandhi, V.P.Some Aspects of India’s Tax Structure, Vora and Company, Bombay.

Goode, R.Government Finance in Developing Countries, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi. Government of India (1992), Reports of the Tax Reforms Committee — Interim and Final (Chairman : Raja J. Chelliah).

Houghton, J.M.The Public Finance : Selected Readings, Penguin, Harmondsworth. Jha, R. Modern Public Economics, Routledge, London.

Menutt, P. The Economics of Public Choice, Edward Elgar, U.K.

Mithani D.M. Principles of Public Finance and Fiscal Policy Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.

Mundle, S.Public Finance Policy: Issues for India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Musgrave, R.A.The Theory of Public Finance, McGraw Hill, Kogakhusa, Tokyo.

Ruddar Datt and K.P.M. Sundharam (2008), Indian Economy, S.C.Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi

Shome, P. (Ed.)Tax Policy : Handbook, Tax Division, Fiscal Affairs Department, International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C.

Shoup, C.S.Public Finance, Aldine, Chicago.

Srivastava, D.K. (Ed.) Fiscal Federalism in India, Har-Anand Publications Ltd., New Delhi

MONETARY ECONOMICS

Course Name: Monetary Economics Course No: PG/ECO(C) 302 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

The Definition of Money: Function and Types of Money, Nature and Functions of Money, Classification of money, Role of money in Economic development, Role of Money in a Capitalist and Socialist Economy; Meaning and Types of Monetary Standards, Monetary Standards, Gold, Silver and Paper.

Unit-2

Demand for Money: Fisher, Cambridge and Keynesian Approach, Approaches of Friedman, Patinkin, Baumol and Tobin, Meaning and Definitions of Inflation, Causes, Effects and Control of Inflation, Inflationary Gap, Phillips Curve and Rational Expectations, Theories of Inflation, view of Monetarists, Keynesians and Structuralists.

Unit-3

Commercial Banking: Functions, Credit Creation by Commercial Banks and Credit Creation Multiplier, Major Developments in Commercial Banking in India since Nationalization and During Post Economic Reforms, Banking Sector Reforms, Functions of a Central Bank, Quantitative and Qualitative Methods of Credit Control, Role, Objectives and Functions of Reserve Bank of India.

Unit -4

Concepts of Monetary Resources: Mobilization of Resources. Money Supply (M1, M2, M3, M4): Monetary Policy and Credit Policy: Concepts, Objectives, tools, Role and Limitations, Recent Monetary Policy in India, Monetary Management in India, Inflation in India, Financial Sector Reforms in India, Banking Soundness and Macro Economic Management.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITION)

Dornbusch, R. and F. Stanley ,Macroeconomics, McGraw Hill, Inc., New York.

Gupta, S.B.Monetary Economics-Institutions, Theory and Policy, S.Chand publication, New Delhi

Gupta, S.B.Monetary Planning in India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi

Gurley, J. and E.S. Shaw,Money in a Theory of Finance, Brookings Institution, Hall, R.E. and J.B. Taylor, Macro Economics, W.W. Norton, New York.

Heijdra, B.J. and V.P. Fredericck, Foundations of Modern Macroeconomics, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Jha, R.Contemporary Macroeconomic Theory and Policy, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.

Mckinen, G.E. Money, The Price Level and Interest Rates, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

Reddy, Y.V.A Review of Monetary and Financial Sector Reforms in India — A Central Banker’s Perspective, UBSPD, New Delhi.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Course Name: Research Methodology Course No: PG/ECO(C) 303 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Meaning of Research, Pure and Applied Research, Social Science Research: Objectives, Meaning, Nature and Importance of Social Science Research, Limitations in Social Science Research, Research Methods and Methodology, Criteria of Good Research, Review of Literature and Identifying Research Problem, Formulation of a Research Problem, Complete Research Process, Research Design: Meaning, Importance and Types, Steps in Preparing a Research Design, Features of Good Research Design

Unit-2

Quantitative Methods, Use of Secondary Data, constructing a Questionnaire and Designing a Survey, Merits and Demerits of Survey Methods, Types of Survey, Selecting the Survey Method, Sample Survey, Different Types, Merits and Demerits, Qualitative Methods, The Case Study Methods, Merits and Demerits, Participant Observation, Interview Methods, Open and Closed, Structured and Unstructured, Focused Group Discussions, Process Documentation.

UNIT-3

Processing: Editing, Coding, Classification, Objects, Rules, Tabulation, Preparation of a Statistical Table, Requisite of a Good Table, Types of Tables, Format of a Simple OneWay Table, Three Way Table, Classification and Tabulation, Graphs and Diagrams, Measures of Central Tendencies, Dispersion and Correlation, Percentage, Bi-Variate Presentation, Statistical Analysis and Testing of Hypothesis, T, Z, F and Chi Square Tests, Statistical Software, MS Excel and SPSS Package.

Unit-4

Reports: Types of Reports, Steps in Report Writing, Structure and General Format of Research Report Writing Styles, Writing the Report, Presentation, Presentation of Tables, Diagrams, Charts and Maps, Documentation: Appendices, Use of Footnotes, Citation, Endnotes, References and Bibliography, Role of Computer in Research and Reporting.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Business Research Methods, Donald R Cooper, McGraw Hill, New Delhi

Statistical Methods, Gupta, S.Chand publication, New Delhi

Research Methodology, Cauvery.R, Sudhanayak U.K, Girija.M and Meenakshi.R, S.Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

Research Methodology: A Guide for Researchers in Management and Social Sciences,

Bill Taylor, Gautam Sinha, Taposh Ghoshal, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi

Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, C.R. Kothari, New Age International, New Delhi

Statistical Methods, Dr. S.P. Gupta, Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi Statistics for Management, Levin and Rubin, Asian Publishing House, New Delhi

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

Course Name: Agricultural Economics Course No: PG/ECO (E) 304(I) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Meaning, Nature and Scope of Agricultural Economics, Need for a Separate Study of Agricultural Economics, Role of Agriculture In Economic Development, Regional Disparities in Indian Agriculture, Interdependence between Agriculture and Industry and between Agriculture and the Rest of the Economy, Agricultural Development, Poverty and Environment.

Unit-2

Agricultural Production, Trends of Agriculture Growth under the Plans, Inter Regional Variations, Land Reforms, Measures and Performance, Land Holding, Sub-division and Fragmentation, Technology in Agriculture, Meaning, Objectives, Factors and Limitations, Use of Modern Technology, Green Revolution, Mechanization of Indian Agriculture, Use of Biotechnology in Agriculture, Impact of Technological Changes on Agricultural Production.

Unit-3

Agriculture Finance in India, Importance, Sources, Institutional and Non-Institutional, Role of Commercial Banks, Regional Rural Banks, Role of NABARD, Agricultural credit, Challenges, Opportunities, Strategies, Unorganized Credit System, Agricultural Rural Credit Institutions, Agriculture Labour: Classification, Characteristics and Conditions, Agricultural Wages in India, Male-Female Wage Differences,Programmes for Improving the Conditions of Agricultural Labour,

Unit-4:

Agricultural Marketing and Prices, Agricultural Marketing, Defects in Agricultural Marketing, Corrective Measures, Regulated and Co-operative Marketing, State Policy with Respect to Agricultural Marketing, Warehousing; Prices, Crop Insurance, Agricultural Price Policy, Objectives, Instrument, Evaluation, Food Security, Agricultural Prices and Public Distribution Scheme (PDS).

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Drummond, H E and Goodwin, J W., Agricultural Economics, Standard Book Distributing House, 2004

Eicher, Carl and Lawrence Witt, Agriculture in Economic Development, McGraw Hill Book Company.

Joshi P C., Land Reforms in India: Trends and Perspective, New Delhi; Allied Publishers.

Kahlon, A S and Karam Singh, Managing Agricultural Finance: Theory and Practice, New Delhi: Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Khusro, A. M., Readings in Agricultural Development, New Delhi: Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Mellor W. Hohn, The Economics of Agricultural Development, Mumbai: Vora and Co Publishers PVt. Ltd.

Ruddar Datt, K.P.M. Sundharam, 2008, Indian Economy, S.Chand publication, New Delhi

Rudra Ashok, Indian Agricultural Economics: Myths and Realities, New Delhi: Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd.

Sadhu A.N., Singh [Amarjit], Fundamentals of Agricultural Economics.

Shrivastava, O S, Agricultural Economics.

Tyagi, B P Agricultural Economics and Rural Development.

LABOUR ECONOMICS

Course Name: Labour Economics

Course No: PG/ECO (E) 304(II) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Labour Economics: Concept, Nature, Scope and importance of Labour Economics, Characteristics of the Indian Labour Market, Labour in the Unorganized Sector, Meaning, Definitions and causes of Child Labour, Constitutional and Legislative Provisions and Measures to Regulate Child Labour , Women Workers, Discrimination and Gender Bias in Treatment of Labour and Protective Measures.

Unit-2

Wage Determination Theory: Classical, Neo-Classical & Collective Bargaining Theory, Concepts of Minimum Wage, National Wage Policy In India, Industrial Disputes, Nature and Causes of Industrial Disputes, Impact of Industrial Disputes, Settlement and Preventive Mechanism of Industrial Disputes in India, Industrial Act 1947 and Amendments, Collective Bargaining, Adjudication and Arbitration Role of Judicial Activism.

Unit-3

Unemployment: Concept, Types, and Measurement Particularly in India, Employment and Development Relationship, Poverty and Unemployment in Developing Countries, Analysis of Educated Unemployment, Employment Policy in Five Year Plans and Its Evaluation. Labour Welfare: Introduction and Objectives, Labour Welfare Activities in India, Social Security, Introduction, Features, Social Security and Social Insurance in India.

Unit-4

Trade Unions, Introduction, Nature, Characteristics and Functions, Growth, Pattern and Structure of Trade Unions in India, Achievements and Weaknesses of Trade Union Movement in India, Labour Migration, Effects of Migration, Absenteeism of Industrial Labour in India, Causes, Effects and Remedies of Absenteeism, Labour Turnover, Causes and remedies of Low Labour Turnover In India.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Datt, G.Bargaining Power, Wages and Employment: An Analysis of Agricultural Labour Markets in India, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Datt, G.Bargaining Power, Wages and Employment: An Analysis of Agricultural Labour Markets in India, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Hajela, P.D.Labour Restructuring in India: A Critique of the New Economic Policies, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi.

Hajela, P.D.Labour Restructuring in India: A Critique of the New Economic Policies, Commonwealth Publishers, New Delhi.

Jhabvala, R. and R.K. Subrahmanya (Eds.),The Unorganised Sector : Work Security and Social Protection, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Jhabvala, R. and R.K. Subrahmanya (Eds.)The Unorganised Sector : Work Security and Social Protection, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Lester, R.A.,Economics of Labour, Macmillan, New York.

Lester, R.A.Economics of Labour, (2nd Edition), Macmillan, New York.

McConnell, C.R. and S.L. Brue,Contemporary Labour Economics, McGraw-Hill, New York.

McConnell, C.R. and S.L. Brue,Contemporary Labour Economics, McGraw-Hill, New York.

Papola, T.S., P.P. Ghosh and A.N. Sharma (Eds.),Labour, employment and Industrial Relations in India, B.R. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi.

Papola, T.S., P.P. Ghosh and A.N. Sharma (Eds.),Labour, employment and Industrial Relations in India, B.R. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi.

Rosenberg M.R.Labour Markets in Low Income Countries in Chenery, H.B. and Ruddar Datt, K.P.M. Sundharam, 2008, Indian Economy, S.Chand publication, New Delhi

Ruddar Datt, K.P.M. Sundharam,Indian Economy, S.Chand publication, New Delhi T.N. Srinivasan, (Eds.), The Handbook of Development Economics, North-Holland, New

T.N. Srinivasan, (Eds.), The Handbook of Development Economics, North-Holland, New York.

Venkata Ratnam, C.S. (2001), Globalization and Labour-Management Relations: Dynamics of Change, Sage Publications/Response Books, New Delhi.

Venkata Ratnam, C.S.Globalization and Labour-Management Relations: Dynamics of Change, Sage Publications/Response Books, New Delhi.

GENDER ECONOMICS

Course Name: Gender Economics Course No: PG/ECO(E) 304 (III) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Importance, scope and Concepts of Women Studies, Women in Patriarchal and Matriarchal Societies and Structures, Patriarchal and Matrilineal Systems and Relevance to Present Day Society in India, Economic Basis and Functioning of Patriarchy in Developed and LDCs, Particularly India; Gender Bias in the theories of Value, Distribution, and Population, Status and Role of Women in Uttarakhand Economy.

Unit-2

Demography of Female Population in India and Uttarakhand, Age Structure, Mortality Rates and Sex Ratio, Causes of Declining Sex Ratios and Fertility Rates in in India, Women and their access to Nutrition, Health, Education, Community Resources and Their Impact on Female Mortality and Fertility, Power of Decision Making by women at Household, Class, Community Level, Factors Affecting Decision Making By Women, Property Rights, Access to and Control over Economic Resources, Assets;

Unit-3

Economic Status of Women and Its Effect on Work-Participation Rate, Income Level, Health and Education in Developing Countries and India, Factors affecting Female Entry In Labour Market, Supply and Demand for Female Labour in Developed and Developing Countries, Particularly India, Work Participation in Agriculture, NonAgricultural Rural Activities, Informal Sector, Cottage and Small-Scale Industries, Organized Industry and Service Sector, Wage Differentials in Female Activities.

Unit-4

Social Security of Women, Review of Legislation for Women’s Entitlements, Need for Female Labour Unions, Self-Help Groups, Gender and Economic Planning, Paradigm Shifts from Women’s Wellbeing to Women’s Empowerment, Democratic Decentralization (Panchayats) and Women’s Empowerment in India, Economic Status, Private Property and Participation of Women in Preindustrial and Industrial Societies, Female Contribution to National Income.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Agnihotri, S.B.,Sex ratio in Indian Population: A Fresh Exploration, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Boserup E.Women’s Role in Economic Development, George Allen and Unwin, Desai, N. and M.K. Raj. (Eds.) Women and Society in India, Research Centre for Government of India,

Towards Equality — Report of the Committee on the Status of Women in India, Department of Social Welfare, Ministry of Education and Social Welfare, New Delhi.

Kabeer, N. and R. Subrahmaniam (Eds.),Institutions, Relations and Outcomes, Kali for Women, New Delhi.

Krishnaraj, M., R.M. Sudarshan and A. Shariff,Gender, Population and Development, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Mazumdar, V.Symbols of Power: Studies on the Political Status of Women in India, Allied, Delhi.

Narasimhan, S, Empowering Women: An Alternative Strategy from Rural India, Networks and the State, Sage Publications, New Delhi

Papola, T.S. and A.N. Sharma(Eds.)Gender and Employment in India, Vikas Publications, New Delhi

Purushothaman, S.The Empowerment of Women in India: Grassroots Women’s Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Seth, M.Women and Development: The Indian Experience, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Srinivasan K. and A. Shroff (India : Towards Population and Development Goals, Venkateswaran, S.Environment, Development and the Gender Gap, Sage Wazir, R.The Gender Gap in Basic Education: NGOs as Change Agents, Sage Women Studies, SNDT University, Bombay

COMPUTER APPLICATION IN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Course Name: Computer Application in Economic Analysis Course No: PG/ECO(E) 304 (IV) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Meaning, Characteristics, Types and Evolution of Computers, Components of a Computer, Basic Components of Computer, Input-Output Devices, CPU, Keyboard, Mouse & Scanner, Video Display, Primers and Plotters, Data Storage and Retrieval, Hard Disk, Floppy Disk and CD ROM, Hardware, Software and Firmware.

Unit-2

Operating System: Microsoft Disk Operating Systems (MS Dos), Operating System, Salient Features, Merits of Windows Operating System, My Documents, My Computer, Search Engines, Network Neighborhood, Features and Facilities in MS office (MS-Word, MS-Excel, MS-PowerPoint Etc.)

Unit-3

Data: Meaning, Types and Sources of Data, Data Base Management Systems (DBMS), Relational Database Management System (RDBMS),Use of Software Packages in Analyzing Data, Obtaining Results and presenting them in Meaningful and Interpretable Forms, Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

Unit-4

On Line Banking: ATM’S, Electronic Stock Exchange, Electronic Trading, Data Sharing and Decimation, Electronic Trading –B2B, B2C and C2C, Introduction to Internet, Application of Internet (WWW, E-Mail Etc.),Use of Internet in Research & daily life.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Sinha, P. K. and Sinha, P. Computer Fundamentals, , BPB Publications, New Delhi.

Norton, Introduction to Computers, The McGraw-Hill Companies Ltd., N. Delhi

rench, C. S. Data Processing and Information Technology, BPB Publication, N. Delhi

Jain, S. and et al.IT Tools and Applications, BPB Publications, New Delhi.

Gaur, A. S. and Gaur, S. S, Statistical Methods for Practice and Research-A Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS, Sage Publication New Delhi.

Gupta, S.C. and Kapoor, V. K, Fundamentals of Applied Statistics, Himalayan Publishing House, Allahabad,

M.A. (ECONOMICS)

Second Year Semester-IV

INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS

Course Name: Industrial Economics

Course No: PG/ ECO(C) 401 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Meaning, Scope, Need & Significance of the Study of Industrial Economics, Rational of Industrialization, Role of Industries In Economic Development, Industry and Agriculture Sector Linkages, Industrial Profile, Private Sector, Large, Medium & Small Scale Industries, Village Industries, Public Sector, Role, Problems and future of Public Sector Industries in India, Industrial Combinations- causes, mergers and amalgamations.

Unit-2

Theories of Industrial Location: Weber, Sargent Florence, Factors influencing Location of Industries, Industrial Imbalance, Causes and Measures, Need for Balanced Regional Development of Industries, Industrial Productivity & Efficiency, Factors affecting Productivity & Efficiency, Measures for Improvement, Structure of industrial labour, Trends in India’s Industrial Employment- Measures of Generating Industrial Employment.

Unit-3

Industrial Finance: Meaning, Scope, Importance, Sources of Industrial Finance, Private, Public and Co-operative Sector, Role of IFCI, SFCs, SIDBI, Commercial Banks, Foreign Capital, Need for Foreign Capital, Government Policy towards Foreign Capital, Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Institutional Investment, GDR, ADR, External Commercial Borrowings.

Unit-4

Recent Trends in Indian Industrial Growth, Industrial Policy 1991, Performance & Problems of Iron and Steel, Cotton textiles and Sugar Industries in India, Performance & Problems of Small Scale & Cottage Industries in India, Role of MNC’s in India. Special Economic Zones (SEZs). Liberalization and Globalization and its Impact on Indian Industries.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITION)

Ahluwalia, I.J.Industrial Growth in India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Barthwal, R.R.Industrial Economics, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.

Cherunilam, F.Industrial Economics: Indian Perspective , Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.

Desai, B.Industrial Economy in India, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.

Divine, P.J. and R.M. Jones et. al. An Introduction to Industrial Economics, George Allen and Unwin Ltd., London.

Government of India, Economic Survey (Annual).

Hay, D. and D.J. Morris, Industrial Economics : Theory and Evidence, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Kuchhal, S.C.Industrial Economy of India (5th Edition), Chaitanya Publishing House, Allahabad.

Reserve Bank of India, Report on Currency and Finance (Annual).

Singh, A. and A.N. Sadhu Industrial Economics, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.

ECONOMIC PLANNING

Course Name: Economic Planning Course No: PG/ECO(C) 402 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Economic Planning: Meaning, need and objectives, types of economic planning; Different planning systems, Requisites for successful planning. decentralized and indicative planning; Stages, Planning in a mixed economy, Rolling and fixed plan, centralized and decentralized planning, planning under capitalism and socialism, mobilization and allocation of resources, Man Power Planning, Project Evaluation.

Unit-2

Planning Techniques, Investment criteria: Rationale and types. Choice of Technique: Labour Intensive vs. Capital Intensive Technology; Choice of technique in Underdeveloped Countries, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Capital-Output Ratio, Input-Output Analysis, Role of Monetary, Fiscal and Price Policies in Economic Development, Foreign Trade and Economic Development.

Unit-3

Market Mechanism under Planning. Controls and Planning. Price Mechanism in a Planned Economy. Investment on Human Resource Development, Indian plan models: Harrod-Domar, Mahalanobis, Frisch and Sandee, Manne and Rudra, CELP model and its applications, Vakil and Brahmananda’s Wage-Goods Model.

Unit-4

The Emergence of Planning in India-Objectives, Strategy and Evaluation of Indian Planning, Planning Machinery at the Centre, State and Local levels, Niti Aayog, Detailed Study of Last Two Five Year Plans. Resource Mobilization for Indian plans, Regional Planning, Regional Disparities and Development Policies in India and Uttarakhand.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Bhagwati, J. and P. Desai India: Planning for Industrialization, Oxford University Press, London

Brahmananda, P.R. and C.N. Vakil,Planning for an Expanding Economy, Vora and Co., Bombay

Chakravarti, S.Development Planning: The Indian Experience, Clarendon Press,Oxford.

Gupta, S.P.,Planning and Development in India ; A Critique, Allied Publishers Private Limited, New Delhi .

Krishnamachari, V.T.Fundamental of Planning in India, Orient Longmans, Bombay.

O.S Shrivastava,Economics of Growth, Development and Planning, Vikas Publishing house Pvt. Ltd, Delhi

Taneja & Myer,Economics of Development and Planning, Vishal publication, Delhi Todaro, M.P.Development Planning: Models and Methods, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Chand, M & V.K. Puri, Regional Planning in India, Allied Publishers, New Delhi

ECONOMICS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Course Name: Economics of Human Development Course No: PG/ECO(E) 403 Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Meaning, Concept, Definitions, components & importance of Human Development, Human Development and Economic Development, Physical Quality of Life Index, Human Resource Development; Usefulness of Concept, Theories of Human Development, Gender Empowerment Measures, Millennium/Sustainable Development Goals and Human Development, Human Development in Indian States.

Unit-2

Human Development Index: Trend of HDI, Measurement of Human Development, Limitations of Human Development Measures, Human Development Indicators: Demographic Indicators, Educational Indicators, Income and Poverty Related Indicators, Health Related Indicators, Water, Sanitation and Nutritional Indicators, Gender Related Indicators, Environment, Human and Labour Rights Related Indicators.

Unit-3

Education and Human Development, Relationship between Education and Development, Role of Education in Economic Development, Education and Social Change, Population Education and Development, Educational Profile of India, Education and Employment, Elementary, Secondary and Higher Education in India, Class and Gender Perspectives of Education, Education for all in India, SSA.

Unit-4

Health and Human Development, Population, Health and Development, System of Health Provisions in India, Health Care, Concern and Security in India, Female Health Care and Deprivation, Child Survival, Fertility and Women’s Emancipation, Reproductive Health and Health Care in India, National Rural Health Mission, Health Insurance, Public Expenditure and Health Facilities in India.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Anil B. Deolalikar,Attaining Millennium Development Goals in India, Oxford B.G.Tilak,Women’s Education and Development, Gyan Pub, House New Delhi.

Berman,P. Health Sector Reform in Developing Countries: Making Health Development Sustainable

Bruns Barabara, and Rakotomalala,Achieving Universal Primary Education By 2015, Manas Publication New Delhi

Cohn E. and T Gaske,Economics of education, Pergamon press London, J. Behrman and T. Sriniwasan,(1995) Hand Book of Development Economics

Ministry of Education , Government of India, Annual Progress Report

Ministry of Finance, Government of India, Economic Survey, 2007, 2008,2009

Ministry of Health, Government of India, Annual Progress Report

National Council of Applied Economic Research, India Human Development Report, Oxford New Delhi

National Council of Applied Economic Research, North India Human Development Report, Oxford New Delhi

R. Govinda and Rashmi Diwan ,Community Participation and Empowerment in Primary Education, Saga Publication India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.

World Bank, World Development Report, various issues DEMOGRAPHY

Course No: PG/Course Name: Demography Course No: ECO (E) 404(I) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Meaning and Scope of Demography, Components of Population Growth and Their Inter-Dependence, Measures of Population Change, Structure, Distribution and Sources of Population Data, Theories of Population: Malthus, Optimum Theory of Population, Theory of Demographic Transition, Views of Medows, Enke and Simon.

Unit-2

Fertility: Importance of the Study of Fertility, Total Fertility Rate, Gross Reproduction Rate and Net Reproduction Rate, Factors affecting Fertility, Nuptiality, Concept and Analysis of Marital Status, Trends in Age at Marriage, Mortality, Foetal and Infant Mortality, Factors Leading to Decline in Mortality in Recent Past, Life Tables, Construction and Uses.

Unit-3

Migration: Concept and Types, Temporary, Internal and International Migration, Its Effect on Population Growth and Pattern, Factors affecting Migration, Theories of Migration Related to Internal Migration, Urbanization: Growth and Distribution of Rural, Urbanization Trends in India, Life Expectancy in India.

Unit-4

Growth, Trends and Composition of Population in India, Changing Characteristics of Population In India, Occupational and Regional Distribution, Effects of Population Growth in India, Family Welfare Programme in India, The New Population Policy, Main Features of Latest Population Census with Special Reference to the State of Uttarakhand.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Agarwal S.N.India’s Population Problem, Tata McGraw-Hill Co., Bombay.

Bose, A.India’s Basic Demographic Statistics, B.R. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi Bogue, D.J.Principles of Demography, John Wiley, New York

Chenery H. and T.N. Srinivasan (Eds.)Hand Book of Development Economics, Vol. 1 & 2 Elsevier, Amsterdam

Choubey, P.K. Population Policy in India, Kanishka Publications, New Delhi.

Coale A.J. and E.M. Hoover,Population Growth and Economic Development in Low Income Countries: A Case Study of India’s Prospects, Princeton University Press, Princeton

Gulati, S.C.Fertility in India: An Econometric Study of a Metropolis, Sage, New Delhi.

Simon, J.L.Population and Development in Poor Countries, Princeton University Press

Srinivasan, K.Basic Demographic Techniques and Applications, Sage, New Delhi Srinivasan, K. and A. Shariff, India: Towards Population and Demographic Goals, Oxford University Press, New Delhi

Sryrock, H. et. al, The Methods and Materials of Demography, US Department of Commerce, Washington, D

Agarwal S.N. India’s Population Problem, Tata McGraw-Hill Co., Bombay.

Bose, A.India’s Basic Demographic Statistics, B.R. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi Bogue, D.J, Principles of Demography, John Wiley, New York

Chenery H. and T.N. Srinivasan (Eds.)Hand Book of Development Economics, Vol. 1 & 2 Elsevier, Amsterdam

Choubey, P.K.Population Policy in India, Kanishka Publications, New Delhi.

Coale A.J. and E.M. Hoover,Population Growth and Economic Development in Low Income Countries: A Case Study of India’s Prospects, Princeton University Press, Princeton

Gulati, S.C. Fertility in India: An Econometric Study of a Metropolis, Sage, New Delhi.

Simon, J.L.Population and Development in Poor Countries, Princeton University Press

Srinivasan, K.Basic Demographic Techniques and Applications, Sage, New Delhi Srinivasan, K. and A. Shariff,India: Towards Population and Demographic Goals, Oxford University Press, New Delhi

Sryrock, H. et. Al,The Methods and Materials of Demography, US Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C.

Seth M.Women and Development : The Indian Experience, Sage, New Delhi.

Mishra S.Voluntary Action in Health and Population : The Dynamics of Social Transition, Sage, New Delhi

Krishnaji M., R.M. Sudarshan and A. Shariff,Gender Population and Development, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

ECONOMICS OF CO- OPERATION

Course Name: Economics of Co-Operation Course No: PG/ECO(E) 404 (II) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Meaning, Nature and Characteristics of Cooperation, Importance and Objectives of Co-Operation, Principles of Co-operation, Manchester’s Principles of cooperation, Co-Operation and other Economic Systems (Capitalism, and Socialism), Role of Co-operation in Planned Economy.

Unit-2

Co-operation in Great Britain, Denmark and Sweden, Rocholdel, Principle, Consumers, Retails Societies, Cooperation Movement, British Cooperative Union, Livestock Farming Denmark, Cooperative Dairy Societies, Federation of Consumer Societies and Bakers and Cooperative Forbumendt or (K.F.) Federation Swedish Ramers Association, Cooperative Credit.

Unit-3

Co-operative Moment in India Indian Cooperative Societies Act 1904 and 1912. Recommendations of All India Rural Credit Survey Committee, Development of Cooperation under Five Year Plans, Organization of Credit Societies (Primary District and State Level), their Working, Achievement and Difficulties, Land Mortgage and Development Banks, Multi-purpose Societies, Service Cooperation.

Unit-4

Consumer Co-operative Departmental Stores, National Consumer Co-operative Federation, Co-operative Marketing and Ware-Housing, Co-operative and Collective Farming, Co-operative Housing Societies, Co-operative Education and Training, Role of R.B.I. in co-operative Development in India.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED: (LATEST EDITIONS)

All India – Rural Credit Survey Committee Report

All India Rural Credit Reviews Committee Report

C. R. Fey – Cooperation at Home and Abroad

Kulkarni – Theory and Practice in India and Abroad

Mahesh Chand – Co-operative Problems in India

Memoria andSaxena – Co-operation in Foreign Lands

Relevant Chapters In Indian Planning Commission Report

HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHTS

Course Name: History of Economic Thoughts Course No: PG/ECO (E) 404(III) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit-1

Evolution of economic science, Pre-Classical Thought: Mercantilism, New Mercantilism, Physiocracy and their Role in the Development of Classical Theories, Classicism: Adam Smith, J.B.Say, David Ricardo, T.R. Malthus, J.S. Mill, Ancient Indian Economic Thought.

Unit-2

Critics of Classical Economics: Sismondi, Saint Simon, Karl Marx, Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism. Marxian Theories of Value, Surplus Value, Profit and Crisis of Capitalism, Fedrich List, Robert Owen, State Socialism & Rodbertus.

Unit-3

Historical School, Precursors to Marginalism: Gossen, Jevons, Menger and Walras, the Austrian School: Wiserr and Bohm-Bawerk, Wicksteed, edgeworth. Theory of Capital and Distribution.

Unit-4

Neo-Classical and Modern Thinkers: Alfred Marshall, A.C. Pigou, J.M. Keynes, J.R. Hicks, Indian Economic Thinkers- Mahadev Govind Ranade, M.K.Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, J.K. Mehta and Amratya Sen.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Babatosh Datta, Indian Economic Though, Twentieth Century Perspectives.

Dasgupta, A.K.Epochs of Economic Theory, Oxford university Press Delhi.

Ekelund, R.B. and R. Herbett , A Hisotry Economic Theory and Method. Mc Graw Hill,London.

Gandhi, K.K. Economics of village industries, , Navivan Publishing House Ahmedabad.

Gandhi, K.K.India of My Dreams, Navjivan Publishing House Ahmedabad.

Ganguli, B.N. Indian Economic thought a nineteenth century perspective, Tata, MacGraw-Hill, New Delhi.

Gide, Cand G. Rstm, A History of Economics Doctrines George G,. Harrap and Co.,London.

Gray, A,Development of Economic Doctrine, Longman Group, London Gupta, J.N & R.C.Dutt-Life and works, London.

Hajela, T.N.History of Economic Thought Shivalal Agarwala and Co.,Agra Kautilya Arthaqshastra tr. By R. Shayama Sastry, Rernond Priniting Press, Mysore Rima, I.H.Development of Economic Analysis, Richard D Irvin, Homewood.

Roll E. A History of Economic Thought, Fabre, London.

ECONOMETRICS

Course Name: Econometrics Course No: PG/ECO (E) 404(IV) Maximum Marks: 100

Unit – I

Meaning, Objectives, Nature and Scope of Econometrics. Relationship with Mathematical Economics, Economics and Statistics. The raw Material of Econometrics – Time Series and Cross Section Data. Methodology of Econometrics.

Unit – II

The Theory of Classical Least Squares, the OLS Method, Assumptions of the OLS. Desirable Properties of the Estimates, Properties of the OLS Estimates, Best, Liner, Unbiased estimates, Standard error of the OLS estimates, Test or Significance of these estimates, Coefficient of Determination and Test of its Significance.

Unit – III

Problems of the Single Equation Model: Misspecification in Variables – Specification Bias, Errors in Variables, Concept of Dummy Variable and Proxy Variable. Heteroscedasticity, Multicollinearity, Solution, Autocorrelation its Consequences, Testing the Inter-dependence of Regression Disturbances., Durbin Watson Test, Treatment of the First Order Markov scheme. Problems of Lagged Variables- Distributed Lag Model.

Unit – IV

Simultaneous Equations Model: Jointly Dependent Variables. Simultaneous Equations Bias: Predetermined Variables. Structural Form Reduced form and Final Form. The Identification Problem – Rank and Order Conditions of Identifiability (without proof) Methods of Estimation with Properties, Reduced Form Estimation and Indirect Least Squares, Two Stage Least Squares.

SUGGESTED READINGS: (LATEST EDITIONS)

Amemiya, T.Advanced Econometrics, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.

Baltagi, B.H.Econometrics, Springer, New York.

Dongherty, C.Introduction to Econometrics, Oxford University Press, New York.

Goldberger, A.S.Introductory Econometrics, Harvard University Press, Cambridge,Mass

Gujarati, D.N. Basic Econometrics (2nd Edition), McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

Hill R. C., E.G. William and G.G. Judge (1997), Undergraduate Econometrics, Wiley, New York.

Kennedy. P. A Guide to Econometrics, MIT Press, New York.

Kmenta, J. (1997), Elements of Econometrics (Reprint Edition), University of Michigan Press, New York.

Koutsoyiannis, A.Theory of Econometrics (2nd ed.), The Macmillan Press Ltd.,

Krishna, K.L. (Ed.)Econometric Applications in India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

Maddala, G.S. (Ed.), Econometrics Methods and Application (2 Vols. ), Aldershot Theil, H.Introduction to Econometrics, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

GUIDELINES FOR DISSERTATION

Course Title: Dissertation Course No: PG/ECO (C) /405 Maximum Marks: 100

Dissertation Course is offered for all students in the fourth Semester in lieu of VivaVoce which is treated as one core course.

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of the project is to help the student to develop ability to apply economic concepts, percepts, tools and techniques to understand, describe, analyze and solve the real problems.

TYPES OF PROJECT

The project may be from any one of the following types and preferably from your area of specialization:

1. Leading economic issues related to our national or regional economy.

2. Comprehensive case study (covering single organization/multifunctional area problem, formulation, Analysis and recommendations).

3. Inter-organizational study aimed at inter-organizational. comparison/validation of theory/survey of practices.

4. Field study (empirical study).

5. An organizational study.

(PROJECT PROPOSAL (SYNOPSIS)

1. Synopsis of the project should be prepared in consultation with the supervisor. The synopsis should clearly state the objectives and research methodology of the proposed project to be undertaken. It should have full detail of the rationale, sampling, and instruments to be used.

2. Project Supervisors are also advised to restrict guiding projects in their core specialization area only.

PROJECT REPORT

1. The length of the report may be about 50 to 60 double spaced typed pages not exceeding approximately 18,000 words (excluding appendices and exhibits). However 10% variation on either side is permissible.

2. Each project report must adequately explain the research methodology adopted and the directions for future research.

3. The project report should also contain the following: (a)Copy of the synopsis (b)Certificate of originality duly signed by the student and the supervisor.

SUBMISSION OF PROJECT REPORT

1. Two typed copies of the project report are to be submitted to the department. The Project Work should be submitted in original in A-4 Size (29 x 20 cm), typed in double space, in a bound volume.

2. Project Report should be submitted before the final examinations of the fourth Semesters.

3. Dissertation for M. A. Economics (Fourth Semester)’ should be written prominently on cover page of the dissertation.

4. The Dissertation should include the following:
(a) Rationale for the study
(b) Objectives of the study
(c) Research Methodology to be used for carrying out the study (detailing nature of data, data sources, collection methods, tools and techniques of analysis, sampling etc.)
(d) The expected contribution from the study
(e) Limitations if any, and the direction for future research

EVALUATION OF DISSERTATION

(1) Performance of student in dissertation will be evaluated on the following three basis:
(a) Project report- 70 Marks
(b) Periodical Presentation (One) 10 Marks
(c) Viva Voce 20 Marks
Total: 100 Marks

(2) Periodical presentation will be assessed by internal examiner but the dissertation and viva-voce will be assessed jointly by internal and external examiner.